The concept of biodiversity, while often associated with the variety of life forms in a given ecosystem, extends beyond mere species richness. It encompasses genetic diversity within species, which is crucial for adaptation to changing environmental conditions, and ecosystem diversity, which refers to the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes. Recent studies indicate that high genetic diversity within a dominant plant species can enhance the resilience of an entire ecosystem to disturbances such as drought or disease. Conversely, the loss of even a single keystone species can trigger cascading effects, leading to a significant reduction in ecosystem stability. Therefore, conservation efforts must prioritize not only the protection of endangered species but also the preservation of the intricate genetic and ecological interactions that sustain biodiversity.
❓ According to the passage, why is genetic diversity considered important?
A. It increases the number of species in an ecosystem.
B. It helps species and ecosystems adapt to environmental changes.
C. It directly prevents the extinction of keystone species.
D. It reduces the need for ecosystem diversity.
✅ Correct Answer
B. It helps species and ecosystems adapt to environmental changes.
