Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in an environmental science class. Professor: So, we often hear about the negative effects of urbanization on local ecosystems. However, today I want to discuss a counterintuitive phenomenon known as 'urban heat islands'—but wait, that's not the focus. Actually, let's talk about 'urban biodiversity' and how some species thrive in cities. For example, peregrine falcons have adapted to nesting on skyscrapers, which mimic the cliffs they traditionally used. Similarly, certain plants, like the common ragweed, produce more pollen in urban areas due to higher CO2 levels, which can exacerbate allergies. But more importantly, cities can serve as refuges for pollinators like bees, if managed properly. A study in Berlin found that community gardens and green rooftops support a diverse range of bee species, sometimes more than surrounding agricultural lands, because urban areas often have fewer pesticides. So, while urbanization poses challenges, it also creates novel habitats that can enhance biodiversity, provided we plan with green infrastructure in mind.
❓ Question What is the main point the professor makes about urban biodiversity?
A. Urbanization always reduces biodiversity because of habitat loss.
B. Cities can unexpectedly support biodiversity through certain adaptations and green spaces.
C. Peregrine falcons are the only species that benefit from urban structures.
D. Agricultural lands have more bee diversity than urban gardens.
✅ Correct Answer
Cities can unexpectedly support biodiversity through certain adaptations and green spaces.
TOEFL Listening Tips
Skim the questions first to predict the content
Watch for signal words in lectures and conversations (however, actually, in fact)
For main idea questions, focus on the beginning; for detail questions, focus on examples and data
For attitude questions, pay attention to the speaker's tone and word choice
Take notes on keywords; don't try to write down every word
