Listen to part of a lecture in an environmental science class. The professor is discussing the concept of urban heat islands.
Professor: Today we're going to talk about urban heat islands, a phenomenon where cities are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas. This happens because materials like concrete and asphalt absorb and re-emit heat more than natural landscapes. Additionally, waste heat from vehicles and buildings adds to the effect. But there are ways to mitigate this. For instance, increasing green spaces, such as parks and green roofs, can help cool the air through evapotranspiration. Another strategy is using reflective materials on rooftops and pavements to reduce heat absorption. Interestingly, studies show that even small changes, like planting street trees, can lower local temperatures by a few degrees. However, implementing these solutions requires careful planning and cooperation among city officials, urban planners, and residents. Now, why is this important? Well, higher temperatures can lead to increased energy consumption, higher emissions, and health risks, especially for vulnerable populations. So, understanding urban heat islands is crucial for creating sustainable cities.
❓ Câu hỏi What does the professor say about strategies to reduce urban heat islands?
A. They are costly and difficult to implement.
B. They include increasing green spaces and using reflective materials.
C. They are only effective in small cities.
D. They have been proven to have no health benefits.
✅ Đáp án đúng
They include increasing green spaces and using reflective materials.
TOEFL Listening Tips
Skim the questions first to predict the content
Watch for signal words in lectures and conversations (however, actually, in fact)
For main idea questions, focus on the beginning; for detail questions, focus on examples and data
For attitude questions, pay attention to the speaker's tone and word choice
Take notes on keywords; don't try to write down every word
