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❓ 문제 According to the passage, what is the main difference between traditional equilibrium-based models and resilience theory?

A. Traditional models assume ecosystems recover linearly, while resilience theory recognizes multiple stable states and abrupt shifts.
B. Traditional models focus on biodiversity loss, while resilience theory emphasizes pollution control.
C. Traditional models apply only to lakes, while resilience theory applies to all ecosystems.
D. Traditional models ignore disturbances, while resilience theory considers only climate change.

✅ 정답

Traditional models assume ecosystems recover linearly, while resilience theory recognizes multiple stable states and abrupt shifts.

TOEFL Reading Tips

Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Infer vocabulary meaning from context, not just memory
Base inferences on the passage; avoid over-extrapolation
Manage time: about 18 minutes per passage

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