❓ Вопрос According to the passage, which of the following best illustrates the difference between 'engineering resilience' and 'ecological resilience'?
A. Engineering resilience focuses on the speed of return to an original state, while ecological resilience emphasizes the amount of disturbance an ecosystem can withstand before changing states.
B. Engineering resilience applies only to human-made systems, while ecological resilience applies only to natural ecosystems.
C. Engineering resilience is a measure of biodiversity, while ecological resilience is a measure of productivity.
D. Engineering resilience assumes multiple stable states, while ecological resilience assumes a single equilibrium.
✅ Правильный ответ
Engineering resilience focuses on the speed of return to an original state, while ecological resilience emphasizes the amount of disturbance an ecosystem can withstand before changing states.
TOEFL Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Infer vocabulary meaning from context, not just memory
Base inferences on the passage; avoid over-extrapolation
