TOEFLスピーキング Task 3

In sociology, the concept of 'role exit' refers to the process of disengaging from a role that was central to one's identity and establishing a new identity. This process typically involves several stages: doubt, searching for alternatives, a turning point, and finally creating a new identity. Role exit often occurs after significant life changes, such as retirement, divorce, or leaving a profession. It is not a single event but a gradual psychological and social transition, where individuals must redefine how they see themselves and how others perceive them.

Professor: Now, let's talk about role exit. Take the example of a professional athlete. Imagine a woman who has been a competitive swimmer her whole life, training daily and competing internationally. She says, 'Swimming is who I am.' But after a major injury, she can no longer compete. At first, she doubts—she thinks, 'Maybe I can still train, maybe I can come back.' She searches for alternatives, like coaching, but she realizes it's not the same. The turning point comes when she decides to retire and publicly announces it. After that, she must create a new identity. She goes back to school, becomes a physical therapist, and starts to see herself as a helper, not a competitor. Eventually, she feels comfortable saying, 'I was a swimmer, but now I'm a therapist.' That's a classic role exit.