托福口语 Task 4

Today, we're going to talk about a fascinating concept in animal behavior called 'scent marking' and how it serves different purposes beyond just territorial defense. While many people assume that animals mark their territory to warn rivals, the reality is more nuanced. Let me give you two examples. First, consider the African wild dog. These dogs live in packs and use scent marking to reinforce social bonds. When a pack member urinates, the scent carries information about the individual's identity, health, and reproductive status. This helps the pack coordinate hunting and caring for pups. Second, think about the male giant panda. Pandas are solitary, and they use scent marking to attract mates during the breeding season. A male will rub his scent glands on trees, and the chemical signals advertise his presence to females far away. So, you see, scent marking is not just about keeping others out; it can also be about bringing others in or strengthening group cohesion.